The 5 Steps of Protein Synthesis

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Unzipping

Unzipping

- DNA double helix unwinds to expose a sequence of nitrogenous bases.

- Hydrogen bonds are broken.

Transcription

A copy of one of the DNA strand is made. This copy is made of mRNA which travels from nucleus into the main body of the cell, where protein synthesis occurs.

Translation (Initiation)

mRNA couples w/ ribosome & tRNA brings free amino acids to ribosomes.

Elongation

- Anticodon of tRNA recognizes codon on mRNA.

- Ribosome adds amino acid to growing chain of amino acids

Termination

As polypeptide grows, it folds to form a protein and continues to grow until a stop codon is encountered. Then, the ribosome releases polypeptide.