Unit: 3 Tissues

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Tissue

Tissue

A group of similar cells that perform a specific function.

Epithalamus (pineal gland)

Found in the posterior epithalamus

Secretes hormone melatonin

epithelial tissue

Tissue that covers the outside of the body and lines organs and cavities.

simple columnar epithelium

Made up of a single layer of tall cells that fit closely together

Function: Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliated action.

Location: nonciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (stomach tanal canal), gallbladder, and excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus.

simple squamous epithelium

a single layer of flattened cells

Function: secretion and absorption

Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.

connective tissue

A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts

Bone, Blood; have protein fibers and ground substance; structural support; store energy

located between other tissues everywhere in the body, including the nervous system.

The three meninges, membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord are composed of connective tissue.

adipose connective tissue

Tissue that stores fat. (body fat tissue)

It is found all over the body. It can be found under the skin (subcutaneous fat), packed around internal organs (visceral fat), between muscles, within the bone marrow, and in breast tissue.

muscle tissues

specialized for contraction, which brings about movement

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Smooth muscle fibers are located in walls of hollow visceral organs (such as the liver, pancreas, and intestines), except the heart, appear spindle-shaped, and are also under involuntary control. Skeletal muscle fibers occur in muscles that are attached to the skeleton.

nervous tissue

A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body.

Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities.

mutation

tissue specifically being observed for cancer caused by spontaneous mutations in cells tissue as well as tumors caused by inherited mutations

mutations can occur in any of the cells of the body except the germ cells (sperm and egg) and therefore are not passed on to children. These alterations can (but do not always) cause cancer or other diseases.

cancer tissue

The tissue shows uncontrolled growth of cells and abnormal tissue arrangement and cell structure, which do not remain within the original location.

located in clusters in different parts of the body, such as the neck, groin area, and under the arms. Cancer may also spread through the bloodstream to distant parts of the body. These parts may include the bones, liver, lungs, or brain.

benign neoplasm

noncancerous growths are composed of the same type of cells as the tissue in which they are growing

most common in your skin, mouth, foot, and uterus (called uterine fibroids). Hemangioma: These types of benign neoplasms grow from blood vessels. Hemangiomas most often occur on the skin in babies. But they can also form on internal organs such as the liver, colon, or brain.

malignant neoplasm

tumor that invades surrounding tissue and is usually capable of metastasizing (spread to other sites of the body; can be located in any organ or tissue in the body

epithelial tissue, such as the skin or linings of your organs. Common carcinomas include malignant neoplasms of your skin, breast, prostate, bladder, cervix, endometrium (lining of your uterus), lung, colon, and rectum.

simple cuboidal epithelium

a single layer of cube-shaped cells

This type of epithelium is often specialized for absorption and usually has apical cilia or microvilli. These cells line your stomach and intestines

This type of epithelium is typically found in glandular (secreting) tissue and kidney tubules.

stratified squamous epithelium

Cells arranged in layers around the basal membrane

Function: protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion

Location: nonkeratinized type forms the moist lining of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized type forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane.

stratified cuboidal epithelium

rare type of epithelial tissue composed of cuboidal shaped cells arranged in multiple layers.

They protect areas such as ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands

the excretory ducts of your salivary and sweat

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

tissue that consists of a single layer of irregularly shaped and sized cells that give the appearance of multiple layers; found in ducts of certain glands and the upper respiratory tract

allows filtering and humidification of incoming air

the type of respiratory epithelium found in the linings of the trachea as well as other respiratory tract

transitional epithelium

type of stratified epithelium that changes shape in response to stretching (stretchable epithelium). The transitional epithelium usually appears cuboidal when relaxed and squamous when stretched.

function: stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine

Location: lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra

glandular epithelium

Composed of cells that are specialized to produce and secrete substances

specialized to produce and secrete (release) substances.

It's found in your glands, which are specialized organs that can make, store and/or release substances such as hormones, proteins, and water.

Neurons (Nervous Tissue) connective tissue

Specialized for sending and receiving information (motor neurons, cortical interneurons).

Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities.

Bone (Osseous) connective tissue

cells in lacunae (cavities) / Composed of: a hard matrix of calcium salts, and large numbers of collagen fibers / Used to protect and support the body

dense connective tissue

Binds body parts together

It is found in areas of the body where large amounts of tensile strength are required, like in ligaments, tendons, and aponeurosis. The collagen fibers are densely packed together and arranged in parallel to each other.

areolar connective tissue

soft packing material that cushions that protects body organs

Function: wraps and cushions organs

Location: widely distributed under epithelia of body

blood connective tissue

fluid extracellular matrix used to transport substances throughout the body.

blood connects the body systems together bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other signaling molecules, and removing the wastes.

They are mostly found within the walls of large blood vessels, elastic cartilages, yellow ligaments, lungs and skin.

skeletal muscle tissue

enables movement

Tendons (tough bands of connective tissue) attach skeletal muscle tissue to bones throughout your body. Your shoulder muscles, hamstring muscles, and abdominal muscles are all examples of skeletal muscles.

cardiac muscle tissue

The cardiac muscle is responsible for the contractility of the heart and, therefore, the pumping action

Cardiac muscle cells are located in the walls of the heart, appear striped

smooth muscle tissue

Involuntary muscle is found in the intestines where it pushes food along the digestive tract. Also found in arteries and veins.

walls of hollow visceral organs (such as the liver, pancreas, and intestines), except the heart, appear spindle-shaped, and are also under involuntary contro