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What are the 3 monosacchrides?
glucose, fructose, galactose
What is a disaccharide?
2 monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond
What makes maltose
glucose + glucose
What makes lactose?
glucose + galactose
What makes sucrose?
glucose + fructose
Where does the reaction occur making maltose?
Between the OH groups on C4 and C1
What bond is formed between monosaccharides?
glycosidic bond
What are the products of 2 monosaccaride joining
disaccaride and water
How can disaccharides be broken down?
hydrolysis (adding water)
What does the water do in hydrolysis reactions?
break the glycosidic bond
What is needed for condensation or hydrolysis reactions?
an enzyme
What elements are carbohydrates made out of?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
What is the ratio of H to O atoms in carbohydrates
2:1
What are carbohydrates made of?
monosaccharides
What is a monomer
smaller units from which larger molecules are made
What is the formula of Glucose
C6H12O6
How do monosaccharides combine?
condensation reaction
What do monosacchrides join to form?
Disacchrides or polysacchrides
What are the isomers of glucose?
alpha glucose and beta glucose
On which isomer of glucose is the hydroxide group on top?
Beta glucose
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