Studied by 1 personTags & Description
Medieval period
1250-1500
What is miasma ?
Idea that disease was spread through bad smells and evil fumes
Which disease was mentioned in the bible as a consequence of sin?
Leprosy
What was on the regimen sanitatis?
have a healthy diet avoid stress bathe exercise not to much sex avoid drunks and barking dogs
Why did people want the King to touch them?
They believed it could cure illness and disease (especially scrofula (tuberculosis))
How many people did Edward 1 attempt to touch a year?
2000
Why were physicians uncommon in the Medieval period?
rare Expensive
What was the original role of hospitals?
To offer hospitality to travellers and pilgrims
How many hospitals were in England by 1500?
1100
What percent of hospitals were run by the church?
30%
Who ran church hospitals?
monks and nuns
What was an endowment?
When a wealthy person left money for a hospital
Why did the church want people to recover?
to prove God existed
When did the black death outbreak occur?
1345-1348
At its height how many were buried in London per day?
200
What was believed to have caused the Black death?
unusual alignment of Mars, Jupiter and Saturn Impure air from a volcano imbalanced humours punishment for sin
What was self-flagellation
Whipping yourself to remove humanities sins (attempted to get rid of the plague)
How did people try to prevent the Black Death?
stopped cleaning the streets (bad smell drove off miasma) carry a posy to smell pray or go on pilgrimages self-flagellate avoid people with the plague
How long were new people in a town quarantined for?
40 days
How did people try to treat the Black Death
spent time confessing sins cut open buboes bleeding took theriaca ingest aloe and myrrh- healing properties they didn't- it was Gods will
Renaissance Period
1500-1700
What continued into the Renaissance?
4 humours bleeding ,purging herbal remedies prayer avoidance of disease regimen sanitatis
What was Humanism?
idea that humans should be free to explore the truth of the world and encouraged learning - in the medieval period people were asked not to challenge the church.
Who, and when was the printing press created?
Johannes Guttenberg 1440s-although not widely used until the renaissance
Why were books rare in the medieval period?
They were handwritten by monks this made them rare and expensive
What did the Printing Press allow ?
criticism of the church and Galens ideas
Who was Sydenham known as ?
The "English Hippocrates"
What did Sydenham say physicians should do ?
doctors should observe and keep accurate records of symptoms, said diseases should be treated as a whole - not just individual symptom
Which diseases did Thomas Sydenham discover were different ?
Measels and the Scarlet Fever
What was observationes Medicae? , When was it published?
A book of Sydenham's studies -1676
What is the Royal Society?
-a scientific group that encouraged sharing and developing of ideas -created a library of research
Who and when was the royal society founded?
-K -1660ing Charles ii
When was the Pharmacopheia Londinesis published? How many remedies were contained in it ?
-1618
over 2000 remedies
one remedy treated louis xiv of France of Thyroid
Why did people still believe in the 4 humours?
-they did not like change
Why was bathing less common?
People were catching syphilis from bathhouses - Henry viii closed all bathhouses in London it was actually due to bathhouses being brothels as well
What was the theory of Transferrence?
idea of illness being able to be moved to an object EG
rubbing a wart with an onion
Why was the Age of Exploration important ?
It brought new herbal items from the Americas such as tobacco, cedar and cinchona bark used to treat malaria
Who was Vesalius?
-studied at the university of Padua -wrote Fabric of The Human Body in 1543 -noted Galen had made mistakes
When was fabric of the human body published?
1543
What were some of the 300 mistakes Galen had made?
-the jaw was 1 bone not 2 -men did not have a fewer pair of ribs then women -the liver did not have 5 separate lobes
What did Vesalius encourage more of?
dissection
What did William Harvey discover?
-proved Galen wrong -blood was not created by the Liver -discovered arteries and veins were part of one system pumped by the heart
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