Chemistry - Quarterly Review PRACTICAL

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Colour Observation

Colour Observation

Observe its colour

• blue/green = may be copper

• brown = may be iron

Action of Heat - Instructions

• small amount of salt

• heated in dry test tube

Action of Heat - a colorless gas with a pungent smell, forms dense white fumes when a glass rod dipped in Conc. HCl is brought close to its mouth

Ammonium salt

Action of Heat - a reddish brown gas

Nitrate salt

Action of Heat - Salt is yellow when hot and white when cold

MAY BE zinc salt

Flame test - Instructions

• small amount of salt in a watch glass

• add a drop of Conc. HCl

• form paste

• Take paste at the charred end of the splinter and put it near Bunsen flame

Flame test: Bluish green flame

Copper salt

Flame test: Apple green

Barium salt

Flame test: Brick red

Calcium salt

Action of dil. HCl - Instructions

• take a small amount of salt in a test tube

• add 1mL of dil. HCl to it

• heat in Bunsen flame

Action of dil. HCl - Brisk effervescence, 3A colourless, odouless gass turning lime, water milky evolves

Carbonate

Action of dil. HCl - Colourless gas, rotten egg smell, turns paper dipped in lead acetate shining black

Sulphide

Action of Conc. H₂SO₄ - Instructions

• small amount of salt in DRY test tube

• add 0.5 mL of Conc. H₂SO₄

• gently heat in Bunsen burner

Action of Conc. H₂SO₄ -

• colourless gas

• dense white fumes when glass rod dipped in ammonia is brought close to its mouth

Chloride

Action of Conc. H₂SO₄ -

• reddish brown gas

• turns moist flourescein paper green

bromide

Action of Conc. H₂SO₄ -

• reddish brown gas turning acidified ferrous sulphate paper green

Nitrate

Action of MnO₂ and Conc. H₂SO₄ - Instructions

• take a small amount of salt in a test tube

• add pinch of MnO

• add 0.5mL of Conc. H₂SO₄

• heat in Bunsen flame

Action of MnO₂ and Conc. H₂SO₄

• greenish yellow gas

• turns starch iodine paper blue

chloride

Action of MnO₂ and Conc. H₂SO₄

• reddish brown gas

• turns moist fluorescein paper red

bromide

Action of Conc. H₂SO₄ and copper turning - Instructions

• small quantity of salt in dry test tube

• few copper turnings

• 1mL of Conc. H₂SO₄

• gently heat

What is the order of the column titles, left to right?

• Serial Number

• Experiment

• Observation

• Inference

Salt 1 - Lead Nitrate

• absence of copper/iron salts

• may be sulphate nitrate chloride

• presence of nitrate salt

• absence of copper, calcium, barium

• presence of nitrate

• presence of nitrate

1. Salt 2 - Copper Sulphate

• may be copper sulphate

• may be sulphate, nitrate, chloride

• absence of carbonate nitrate ammonium and zinc

• presence of copper salt

• absence of sulphide and carbonate

• absence of chloride, bromide, nitrate

Salt 3 - copper carbonate

• may be copper

• may be carbonate or sulphide

• may be carbonate

• presence of copper salt

• carbonate is confirmed

• absence of chloride, bromide, nitrate

Salt 4 - Ferric chloride

• may be iron salt

• may be sulphate, nitrate, chloride

• ansence of ammonium, nitrate, zinc salts

• absence of copper, calcium, barium

• absence of carbonate and sulphide and nitrate

• presence of chloride

Salt 5 - Zinc Sulphate

• absence of copper and iron salts

• maybe sulphate, nitrate, chloride

• may be zinc salt

• absence of copper, calcium, barium

• absence of carbonate, sulphide, nitrate

• absence of chloride bromide nitrate

Salt 6 - Zinc Sulphide

• absence of copper and iron

• may be sulphide, carbonate

• may be a zinc salt

• absence of copper, calcium, barium

• sulphide

• absence of chloride, bromide, nitrate