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What are trace elements?
Elements required by an organism in very small quantities
What is the difference between a non-polar covalent bond and a polar covalent bond?
Non-polar covalent bond shares electrons equally, while polar covalent bond shares electrons unequally
What are the special properties of water?
Cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, high heat capacity, and expansion on freezing
What is capillary action?
The ability of water to rise up the roots, trunks, and branches of trees
What is the pH scale used for?
To measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
What are organic molecules?
Molecules with carbon that are important for life
What is dehydration synthesis?
A reaction where a water molecule is lost and a larger compound is formed
What is hydrolysis?
The process of breaking down polymers into monomers using water
What are the four classes of organic compounds central to life on Earth?
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
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