Chemistry

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substance

substance

matter with a composition that is always the same

Mixture

a substance made by mixing other substances together.

physical properties

the characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance

chemical properties

Characteristics of a substance that determine how it will react with other substances.

extensive properties

depend on the amount of matter that is present ( mass and volume)

intensive properties

do not depend on the amount of matter present (density)

Density

mass/volume

melting point

The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid ( intensive properties)

boiling point

The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas ( intensive property)

state of matter

solid, liquid, gas

specific heat capacity

the energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius

Malleability

the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets

electrical conductivity, hardness, and tensile strength

Intensive properties

polar molecule

a molecule in which one side of the molecule is slightly negative and the opposite side is slightly positive like h2o

cohesive

condition of sticking together like water h2o

Adhesion

An attraction between molecules of different substances

Aqueous solutions

Consists of solids, liquids, and gassed that are dissolved in water

Solution

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

Solvent

In a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves.

Solvent

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances into the solute

Diffusion

the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration,individual molecule are small enough to pass through like gas exchange oxygen goes to the blood and carbon goes to alveoli

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane ( movement of water)