3.2 Formation of Organic Molecules and Macromolecules

• CHAPTER 3 has been used to study many organic molecules found in living organisms.

• Some carbon is structural isomers.

• This mechanism allows some polymers to reach great lengths.

• Although DNA is stable, other polymers are often broken down.

• The starch is broken down into its components.

• Analyse the structures and functions of the various acids.

• The same chemical formula, but different structures, is what isomers are.
• There are some examples of idomers.

• Relate the functions of plants and animals to their dehydration reactions.

• A dehydration reaction can occur when the final polymers combine in a longation.

• Monomers combine to one monomer at a time by forming a molecule of hydrolysis reactions in living organisms.

• Other functional groups, such as the amino Sugars, taste sweet.
• The sim and carboxyl groups are found in some of the same things.
• Large macromolecules are the most common types of mono saccharides.

• As in plant cell walls, larger carbohydrates and larger polymers play a structural role.

• The recognition of specific cells and molecules can be achieved with the help of some carbohydrates.

• Phospholipids are composed of carbon and hydrogen and have some function as hormones and in energy storage.

• Table 3.3 shows a linear sequence of the amino acids.
• A functional unit is a unit composed of at least one or more of a variety of cellular functions.

• A nucleic acid is a linear sequence of nucleotides.

• Access to that information is provided by theRNA, which is made from DNA.

• 5 10 4 d- and l-glucose are mirror images of each other and are described later in this chapter.
• It's found in living cells.
• It circulates in the blood or fluids of the size of d-glucose, such as starch, because it is very water-soluble.
• By comparison, l-glucose animals, where it can be transported.
• It's rare to find once in living cells, and it's difficult to get once into a cell because it's difficult to bind it to the enzymes inside the cell.
• Other types of isomers are formed by changing cules.

• The sugar ring is where the energy is stored.
• The number 1 carbon atom lies at the center of a variety of cellular processes.
• In this way, sugar is used either above or below as a source of energy for living organisms.

• The ring is made from the linear structure when the oxy Monosaccharides can be linked together by dehydration reactions.

• The hydrogen atoms and the hydroxyl groups can be found above or below the two monosaccharides.
• The mono type of structure found in living organisms is the main component of the ring structure.

• The major form of sugar in plants is sucrose.

• A comparison of the ring and linear structures.
• In the fluids of organisms, most of the glucose is in the ring form.

• H 4 is emphasized with green and orange boxes.

• Water is attached to a carbon atom.
• d-glucose and l-glucose are mirror images of each other.

• The form is found in living cells.

• Sucrose can be harnessed by living organisms.
• Two monosaccharides can bond to each other and form a disaccharide, such as sucrose.

• Unlike disaccharides, which are composed of thousands of a-d-glucose molecule to yield monosaccharides, these polysaccharides are broken down to produce monosaccharides, which are linked together in long, branched chains, differing only in the extent common energy source for cells.
• The chains are made of Starch and glycogen.
• The bonds that connect the monomers of a-glucose are very specific.
• When a plant or animal can't get enough energy from its carbons 1 and 6 the bonds form between times.

• The arrangement, extent of branching, and type of isomer of these polysaccharides are different.
• The bonding arrangements cause every other glucose to be upside-down with respect to its neighbors.

• The role of cellulose in plant structure and its role in plant growth can be found in Figures 10.5 and 10.6, as well as Figures 36.10 and 36.11 for its role in plant growth.