Chapter 20

• Mary E. declared that we are living in a wonderful time.

• Lease was one of thousands of reformers who confronted the problems of industrialization.

• The People's Party sought more government Democrats and the "Solid South" regulation of the economy, but also for the Knights of Labor and Woman's Christian Temperance Union, as well as for women's speach and public.

• Theodore Roosevelt is called the President and innovation the Progressive Era by historians.
• The labor unions and Diverse Progressive Goals groups took the lead in demanding change in the Industrial Order.
• Progressives and radicals played important roles in Economic Reforms.

• The Progressive Era was not defined by a single group.
• Reformers took oppo site views on immigration, racial justice, and women's rights.
• Theodore Roosevelt was initially hostile to the sweeping critiques of capitalism offered by radicals, but eventually adopted bolder ideas.

• The direction of reform was influenced by dramatic political changes.
• During Wilson's presidency, a period of Democratic leadership was followed by a period of Republican control.
• The era was called Progressives because they engaged in diverse, energetic movements to improve America.

• Jacob Coxey organized unemployed men to march to the U.S. Capitol in order to get an emergency jobs program.

• The army's march on Washington, one of the nation's first, inspired similar groups to set out from many cities.
• Coxey's group is near Washington, D.C. Carl Browne is a flamboyant publicist and one of the group's leaders.
• Coxey's daughter, dressed as the "Goddess of Peace," led the procession on a white Arabian horse as the marchers entered Washington.

• The electoral college was won by Harrison but he lost the popular vote.
• In 1884, Democrat Grover Cleveland won more votes than his opponent, James Blaine, despite being rejected by almost half a million voters.
• Key states were decided by razor ization.
• Both Republicans and Democrats engaged in vote buying and other forms of fraud at the same time.
• The fierce ter 19 laid the groundwork for progressivism.
• They had different goals in political campaigning.

• Reformers tried many strategies.

• In previous chapters, Republicans and Democrats traded control of the Senate three times between 1880 and 1894, and the House majority five times.
• Poverty, pollution, and tight competition were some of the causes of this umph.
• Americans disagreed about what to do after what factors led to close Democrats.

• The decade should be considered an early Representative.
• It had 243 seats in theProgressive Era.

• The first reforms resulted in tragedies in North and South Dakota.
• Four months after ming, Utah contributed to political instability.

• After a while, after a while, after a long time, after a long time, after a long time, after a long time, after a long time, after a long time, after a long time, after a long time, after a long time, after a long time, Garfield died when politicians appealed to war loyalties.

• reformers blamed the spoils system on those who had fought or lost beloved family members that Guiteau had murdered Garfield out of disappointment in the conflict.

• In presidential elections from 1876 to 1892, more voters turned to the Service Commission to fill federal jobs.
• Civil service was only applied to 10 percent of American history.

• In the 1910s, Congress extended the act to cover most federal opposing party who held one or both houses of Congress.
• Similar laws have been passed by Repub licans.

• Many people opposed the president.

• They thought he shared their vision of a smaller government.

• Between 1880 and 1917, the powers of the U.S. president grew in relation to those of Congress.
• Presidential campaign techniques have changed.

• Candidates' increasing public visibility and new uses of campaign funds are revealed by the sources below.

• The early visitors swarmed about the house, taking whatever they wanted, without protest.
• The visitors are taking the trees because there is no fence around the house to keep them out.
• The shrubbery is almost gone.
• As soon as the General got up from breakfast, the informal reception began.
• The first delegation was made up of people from the Cincinnati Republican Clubs.

• The main feature of the day was the parade in the afternoon.
• Two hundred or more clubs came from all over the State, representing various classes and interests.
• There were men and women on foot, women in wagons and women in brass bands.

• General Harrison's wife stood on the balcony with several of her lady friends.

• It is estimated that the Republican is the house of Have and the Democrats the house of Want over the next three months.

• There is no end of money at the New York office, which is out of the Chicago headquarters.

• In normal times, the national committees will spend at least $500,000 on insurance companies.
• It is estimated that both the Republican and Democratic sides want to help financially before the campaign is over.

• The two money interest in politics is so clear that it doesn't need to house-to-house canvasses of the voters.
• Hundreds of people will be here.
• American leg men are employed in each state and the work of tabulat islation, national and state, has not only been to create ing and classifying the results, but also to be done.

• Some novel campaign methods will be adopted by them for the benefit of the public, to concern them both during the campaign just opening.

• According to the Republicans, they have decided to use phonographs.

• The rise of an "imperial presidency" can be traced back to the late 1890s and early 1900s.

• Benjamin Harrison sought to get black voting rights in the South.
• He had allies in Congress.

• The House passed the measure despite warnings from southern Democrats that it meant "negro supremacy".
• It met resistance in the Senate.
• Machine bosses feared the threat of federal interference in the cities and liberals thought it provided too much democracy.
• With the entry of ten new states since 1863, the West gained enormous clout and many western Republicans also opposed the bill.

• He and his cartoon suggest that the bill was killed by a single vote.

• Republicans emerged among many voters.

• The Union war to defend black voting rights was one of the achievements of the Republicans.
• The demise of the party of the Grant era was marked by scandals and the episode marked the economic interests of emancipation, according to her undergar ous Republican leader who supported Lodge's pro ments.
• He said to think of it.
• Nevada is depicted as her corset.

• Other voters rejected Republican eco pressure for further laws because of high consumer prices, unsafe practices and generating protective tariffs.

• Democrats captured the House of Representatives in the 1890 election.

• Republicans gained control of Congress and the White House after voters reelected Democrat Grover Cleveland to a second term.
• They wanted a second term as president.
• They believed the ambitious agenda would meet the needs of a modernizing nation.
• Congress extended fair elections in the South in 1890.

• People in wagons carry banners to a meeting.
• Men, women, and children traveled together to campaign events, which included stump speeches, picnics, glee club music, and other family entertainments.

• They came to regret the response.

• In Kansas, the Republicans utterly dominated the state and captured a million votes from the Democrats.

• There is a conflict between the Knights of Labor and the People's Party.

• They captured four-fifths of the vote and called for stronger government to protect the lower house of the Kansas legislature.
• In July 1892, delegates from these groups met in Omaha, Nebraska, to formally create the national People's Party.

• The Political Earthquakes of railroad and telegraph systems, protection of land of the 1890s from monopoly and foreign ownership, a federal income tax on the rich, and a looser monetary policy were all called for by Populists.
• Some Populist allies went to the States.
• Though it was a global shock, and the agricul make their point, in New Mexico, the Gorras Blancas, ture sector had already lagging for years, Republicans a group of small-scale Mexican American blamed Grover Cleveland, who had just reentered the farmers, protested exploitative railroads One Republican said that there were evidences of grabbers by intimidating railroad workers and cutting Democratic times.

• The South abandoned the Democrats in 1894 and along with other primary sources from this period, 1896, apparently receptive to such appeals.

• Populist leaders represented a grassroots uprising both opportunities and challenges for progressive of ordinary farmers, and some won colorful nick reformers.
• There was a different pattern in the South.

• Lease was derided as "Yellin' Mary Ellen" and Simpson was called "Sockless Jerry" after he ridiculed a wealthy opponent for wearing "fine silk hosiery".

• When Cleveland took the oath of office in 1893, the national press was based in northeastern cities and hard times were prompting European investors to pull out of the United States.
• Railroad bankruptcies in the run-up to an election signaled economic trouble.
• A Pennsylvania railroad went bankrupt after a Populist writer encouraged party members to sing.
• The stock market crashed.

• Depositors could be given access to their money.

• To beat a poor hayseed.

• In industrial cities, the ment rate soared above 20 percent.

• I will be made up of hayseeds.

• Conditions looked familiar in the 1870s.

• The People's Party was driven by farmers' votes and recent labor uprisings were a mixed success.
• The 1886 Haymarket violence and the 1892 show labor planks won support among Alabama steelworkers, but not among many other industrial workers, who stuck with the Pennsylvania coal strike.
• Women's suffragists attended a clash between angry crowds and the U.S. Army.

• Prosperous Americans, fearful of Populism, were disappointed that their issues would not be taken.
• The party was hampered by the legacies of the Civil War.
• In the wake of the Paris Commune of 1871, Americans were warned that Populists were really Radical Republicans, while northeastern Republicans claimed that the southern "Pops" were ex-Confederates.
• The cal system faced an economic crisis in the 1920s after similar episodes of hysteria.

• Different groups of people were unemployed to fix America's roads.
• Coxey's national dominance was dubbed by sixteen years of Republican of Americans as they reacted to the hundreds of unemployed men.

• In the South, the only region where Democrats gained was when more protesters, inspired by Coxey, started strength in the 1890s.
• They have distinctive reasons.
• African Americans in most states continued to offer aid in Populist-leaning cities and towns after the end of Reconstruction.
• Police and property owners competed for black votes in other places as long as the Democrats were there.
• Coxey was stunned by the possibility that other parties could win the pened when he reached Capitol Hill.
• New measures were proposed to help farm on the grass.
• Some of his men were arrested for ers and wage earners and ended up in Maryland chain gangs.
• Some white people went home hungry.

• Populists went out of their way to build cross-racial alliances.
• "Cleveland's administration was out of step with the interests of farmers, croppers, and laborers," argued with rural and working-class demands.

• He resisted pressure to loosen the money ern politics.
• Democrats called themselves supply by expanding federal coinage to include silver and denounced Populists for as well as gold.
• Poor white farmers, tenants, and wage earners were ignored not charge a fee for minting silver coins because of this plan and continued to support the Populists in policy.
• Democrats were able to put down the industry.

• The collapse of prices and the loss of gold to block the last black vote.

• The president was not budged by Europe.
• He said that they stuffed ballot boxes with gold reserves.
• He made a secret arrangement with them.
• A group of bankers led by John Pierpont Morgan argued that they had to do it.
• To replenish the treasury, those damned arrange gold purchases.

• Morgan helped maintain America's gold supply and looked for new ways to enforce white supremacy.
• He earned interest on the bonds.

• An "understanding clause" Democrats was adopted at the 1890 constitutional convention in Mississippi after Cleveland's deal enraged fellow.

• The Democratic uprising spread to other southern candidates in order to distance themselves from the presi states.
• Louisiana's grandfather clause denied the damage.
• On election day, large numbers of voters chose to vote for a man whose grandfather had been unable to vote because of the U.S. government.

• Poll taxes and literacy tests were allowed to stand by the court.

• In east Texas, where blacks comprised blacks, many poor whites stopped voting.

• The local Republican Party kept going after the "white primaries," where Democratic candidates competed for nominations, because they faced virtually no opposition.
• Many local white Populists joined the Democrats in their support of white supremacy.
• The racial climate became harsher.
• Segregation and a Populist-Republican coalition swept the county laws.
• After their 1898 defeat, crowds of Democrats gathered in the middle of the day to watch a secret show.

• Two people were shot in cold blood by the convict lease system.
• The hold expanded during Reconstruction.

• The sheriff was unable to bring the murderers to justice.
• When they were traveling to find work or if they were a party, the Democrats could not produce a current employment contract because they were Reconstituted in 1900 as the White Man's.
• By a large margin.
• In the 1890s, Alabama depended on convict leasing for the Populist sheriff's office, which resulted in the deaths of his brother and a friend.
• The wounded sheriff was MzEd out of the county by prisoners.
• According to a 1908 report, the White Man's Party ruled almost all of Georgia's leased convicts for the next 50 years.

• Populists protested the situation strenuously.
• The national Democrats were amazed that the reforms simply replaced convict leasing with the country in 1896 by embracing parts of the Populists' chain gang, in which prisoners worked directly for the radical farmer-labor program.

• Most of the time, Lynchings occur in the South, but they occur in almost every state.
• Crowds posed to have their pictures taken after lynchings in the town of Center, Texas, in 1920.
• Commercial photographers produce photographic postcards to sell as souvenirs.

• A mob broke down the prison door to abduct and kill a young man named Lige Daniels, who was seized from the local jail.

• The People's Party never recoved advocate William Bryan, who defended farmers and attacked the gold standard in the 19th century.

Bryan rural voters pursued reform elsewhere, particularly in his famous convention speech, "and your through the new Bryan wing of the Democratic Party."

• Cheering del McKinley, chose a brilliant campaign manager, Ohio egates endorsed a platform calling for free silver and a coal and shipping magnate who would replace the federal income tax on the wealthy with an unprecedented corporate fund-raising tariffs as a source of revenue.
• Democrats have defended the campaign.
• The party was moving away from limited government and towards moral issues such as prohibition of liquor.

• McKinley won more electoral votes than the popular Populists, but their power was waning.

• The realignment of the program, which was more radical than Bryan's, led to new measures to exclude voters.

• 16-to-1 ratio with gold increases money supply and helps borrowers.

• In the industrial heartland of the Northeast and Midwest, many farmers and workers voted for The Presidential Elections of 1892 and 1896 McKinley.
• The age of political stalemate came to an end in the 1890s and Bryan secured the elec.
• McKinley won the election and students should compare the map with states.

• Cleveland's breakthrough in the normally Republican states of the Upper Midwest was noted on the map.
• In 1896, the pendulum swung in the opposite direction, with McKinley's consolidation of voters, and many northern states imposed literacy tests and restrictions on immigrant voting.
• The leaders overbalanced the Democratic gains in the western states.
• The 1896 election made it more difficult for new parties to enter national politics because the major parties wanted to prevent future Populist.

• The electorate narrowed in ways that favored the native-born after the laws were enacted.

• Middle-class reformers felt more comfortable in fostering certain democratic innovations due to the help of African American and immigrant voters.

• The percentage of the Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution was caused by regulatory laws passed to protect.

• After disen in tenements, arguing that the measure regulation exceeded the state's police powers.

• The Supreme Court proved hos to ten hours because it violated bakers' rights to tile.
• It made contracts in 1895.
• The due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment was struck down by judges.
• The clause was supposed to protect a constitutional amendment.
• Nine former slaves were used by courts to shield contract rights.

• The Supreme Court struck down a number of pieces of progressive legislation, including a progressive federal income tax that was signed into law by the president.
• The United States and E. C. Knight Co. are in litigation.
• The justices in the front row are from left to right.
• The justices are standing in the back row.

• The Fourteenth Amendment was an unconventional path that wasInterpreted in Roosevelt by a prominent family.
• Private business is difficult to regulate after graduating from Harvard.

• He left politics in the mid-1880s because of his party's gressives who called for more government regulation.
• They moved to a North Dakota ranch because they believed in judges.
• Legislators from his cattle state were overreaching.
• The herd was wiped out in the storms of 1885.
• Critics returned east and won appointments as a U.S. Civil.

If America faced a choice between working and starving, how levels would it be?

• Roosevelt was elected as New York's governor after serving in the War of 1898.
• After years of progressive and labor job, he pushed through civil service reform and tax activism.

• Roosevelt was chosen as McKinley's running mate in Reform Reshaped, 1901- 1912 1900, because Republican bosses wanted the vice-presidency to be a dead end.
• They found Roosevelt in William McKinley, a powerful presence in the White House.
• The new president was not a reformer.
• The stood as a triumph for business and especially for Republicans was changed by his victory.

• Roosevelt blended reform ing millions to severe hardship, had dramatically illus with the needs of private enterprise, but on occasion he trated the problems of industrialization.
• During a bitter time, the success of McKinley's campaign managers, who spent more than $3.5 million, versus Bryan's, who spent less than $300,000, raised troubling questions about corpo negotiate with the miners.
• Many people came to the table after the crisis of the 1890s.
• Roosevelt sought to better enforce middle-class Americans and they were ready to embrace Sherman's ideas.
• The rise of these ideas was aided by his act.
• He pushed through the Elkins Act, which banned railway rates reformers from being in the White House.

• He created the Bureau of Corporations in order to bolster the Justice Department's ability to mount antitrust suits.
• The second face-off between William department and Democrat Northern Securities Company took place on September 14, 1901, six months after William department had already filed a suit against McKinley.

• He died eight days later.

• The Supreme Court Czolgosz was influenced by the order of the Northern Securities to be dissolved.

• Roosevelt's call for every American to get what he was American-born was seen as a warning of the threat posed by the Democratic candidate.
• Vice trusts that Roosevelt stepped up his attack on the murdered president as the nation mourned its third in his own right.
• President Theodore Roosevelt was sworn into office.

• Roosevelt was an avid hunter.
• Teddy's bears became an American tradition after a Russian Jewish couple in New York began to sell them.
• The president described the experience of camping in the open air under the giant sequoias during his tour of the valley.

• Roosevelt took his love of nature and made MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE MzE By the end of his presidency, he had issued fifty-one executive orders creating wildlife refuges and signed a number of bills.

• Washington's Mt.
• is the figure at the top right.

• The cartoon suggests that "Jack the Giant Killer" had a probusiness bent.
• The president will have the power to limit the power of bankers and financiers.

• Gifford Pinchot insisted on fire suppression to maximize log identify and punish malefactors of great wealth.
• Roosevelt supported abused their power.
• The shipping rates are set by the Commerce Commission.

• One state that was fulfilled by the law was New Jersey and Delaware, which had loosened regulations and invited trusts to incorpo.

• Theodore Roosevelt had egregious monopolies, like the environmental laws to recognize federal authority.
• There were contradictions in Roosevelt's legacy.

• Roosevelt advocated for elite men to vote directly on a proposed law, rather than leaving politics, but he also defended the dignity of labor.

• Republican nominee to protect workers.
• He portrayed himself as a reformer of corporate power.

• William Jennings Bryan, eloquent as cities, was the subject of attention to poverty in America in 1908.
• In the emerging social sciences, Republicans were attacked as the party of "plutocrats" because unemployment and crowded slums were not men who used their wealth to buy political influence.

• Robert Hunter labor legislation was won comfortably.

• Charity work was limited by limited solu servatives and militant progressives.

• It spelled disaster for Taft.

• The emphasis on labor conditions for women opposite of progressive Republicans began to be placed by reformers by the early twentieth century.

• Roosevelt sponsored the first White House Conference strength of grassroots demands for change because of the revolt of Republican Insurgents.
• In 1909, no one on Dependent Children described these emerging goals more concisely than attention to child welfare issues.

• The Supreme tion American politics had taken since the 1890s gave those seeking to protect working-class women a major victory.

• Women's workday in Oregon is limited to ten hours.

• To win the case with priorities and goals in mind.
• The National Consumers' League recruited some people who were frustrated by the events in the United States and traveled abroad to study inspiring Louis Brandeis, a son of Jewish immigrants who was experiments in other nations, hoping to bring ideas widely known as "the people's lawyer" for his eagerness home.

• The legal brief in the States was a seedbed of change.

• Robert La rested his arguments on data gathered by the NCL Follette.
• Government's health.
• The "Brandeis brief" paved the way for use ofvention in the economy, with reliance on experts, of social science research in court decisions.
• Sanction for policy recom ing a more expansive role for state governments.

• The reform journalist discouraged by populism's defeat in the United States toured New Zealand in 1899.
• Lloyd wanted to study New Zealand's sudden burst of reform legislation that followed a great industrial strike and a Labor Party election victory.

• Lloyd was one of the reformers who looked overseas.

• British examples inspired the urban settlement movement in the United States.
• From scientific forest management to workmen's compensation laws, innovative policies were borrowed from other parts of the industrializing world.

• The world talks about New Zealand democracy.
• It has made itself the policeman and partner of industry to the school and factory population and the people are unknown elsewhere.
• It is an experiment by cheap excursions.

• Women are given the right to vote.

• The Englishmen who settled in New Zealand found that if they went to a new country, the baby-carriage would stand in front of the polls.

• Pensions are given to the aged poor and the best acres were in the hands of Last of all.

• The little farmer was forced.
• We are told to take one step at a time, but deliberately contrived laws to pay his own and his wealth does not fit the New Zealand evolution.
• It neighbor's taxes, had to sell out his little homestead to that was not merely a change in parties; it was a change in neighbor for what he could get.
• The workingman who was able to principles and institutions that amounted to nothing less than land and work had to be thrown out.
• It was a New Zealand revo blood of the rich.

• The record of progressive legis the tasks of construction is here.

• The rich are made to pay more.

• The public gets for compulsory arbitration.

• The nation is a labor bureau for the unemployed.
• They are brought together by the employers.
• According to land to the landless and work to the workless, what reforms New Zealand had enacted.

• British immigrants and their descendants made up the majority of New Zealand's population of one million in 1890.
• The nation's railroads are used to redistribute.

• The first allies hoped that this would open the door to a broader minimum wage law for women.

• The conclusion dismayed labor in some states, for example, as opponents of child labor won advocates and divided female reformers for decades.

• Insurance laws were enacted in all the industrial states between 1910 and 1917, as did many working-class parents who had to rely on their children's income to survive.
• A lie would not starve if a person was hurt or killed.
• Only four states provided state assistance after a passed it, and some states did not experiment with child labor.
• Tens of thousands of children were desertion or death.
• The injured workmen in Wisconsin were not judged on the basis of pay and job safety, but on the basis of whether the same power that allowed innovation they "deserved" government aid.

• A man is weeping from men.
• The Social deterioration of African American rights is an important component of the Security Act of 1935.

• The states were free earlier by Booker T. Washington.

• Du Bois served in the military.
• The civil rights movement was guided by the principles of African American pride and an uncompromising demand for full equality.

• There was a race riot in Springfield, Illinois in 1908.
• Mary White Ovington, a New York settlement worker, called a group of sympathetic progressives to formulate a response to the violence in Lincoln's hometown.

• W. E. B. was one of the leaders of the movement.
• Many African American women's clubs and churches were allies of the group.

• The National Urban League assisted black migrants in the North.
• These groups grew into a powerful force for racial justice.

• The American Federation of Labor was slow to ally with progressives.
• The son of a barber and a domestic worker, Du Bois was born in western Massachusetts in 1868.
• He was given a politics.
• By the 1910s, as progressive reformers excellent local education and went on to earn his BA and PhD came forward with solutions, labor leaders in state after at Harvard, as well as to study with cutting-edge social scien state began to join the cause.

• America's leading black intellectual and a wave of radical rights leader were confronted by the nation.
• The Bois pursued this Pan-African ideal by moving to Ghana, where the Marxist class struggle was taking place.
• The syndicalists believed that the first modern African nation was formed after the end of European.
• Workers could overthrow Archives if they launched a general strike.

• A new society would be run by workers.
• Around 1916, the IWW had 100,000 members.

• There was a tragic episode during the coal miners' strike at Ludlow, Colorado, when the tent city of evicted miners was torched and an armed revolt by enraged miners followed.

• Roosevelt endorsed women's carried out the attack after being pressed by McNamara's brother and another union member.
• The bombing made it possible for people to vote.
• His attack on the legal system was the most radical.
• The courts blocked reform and the IWW's high-profile strikes.
• The election of 1912 was approaching.

• Roosevelt was a Republican candidate for president in 1912.
• There was a battle within the 1912 party.
• Roosevelt won the primary elections in most states, but the party caucuses did not sit well with Theodore elsewhere.
• The Republican Roosevelt wasominated by regulars.
• Returning from a yearlong trip to Africa, the choice was made.
• Roosevelt tried to join the Progressive Party in 1910 after finding out that Taft was fighting with the Insurgents.
• He offered his New Nationalism directly to the people.

• Gifford Pinchot was one of the men who helped form the new party.

• The president pulled on the elephant's tail.

• He had a lot in common with the major parties.

• He agreed for more federal based group that included both skilled and unskilled measures to restrict big business.
• His goals were for workers.
• In 1894, during the upheavals of depression less sweeping than Roosevelt's, and only gradually did and popular protest, the ARU boycotted luxury, calling it the New Pullman sleeping cars, in support of a strike by workers Freedom.
• At the Pullman Company, they said "If America is not to have free enterprise".
• The New Freedom would union and Roosevelt's program would intervene against sented collectivism.
• Debs served time in prison for preserving political and economic liberty after the strike failed.

• In 1901 he launched the Socialist Party of Wilson and Debs and in 1912 the 1912 campaign generated America.
• socialism was translated into an American excitement by Debs.
• The democratic process is an enormous blind spot for Democrats because they oppose African to defeat capitalism.
• His party had American rights by the early 1910s.
• Republicans have a small but persistent role in politics.
• Both of the opportunities failed to end the Progressive and Socialist parties.
• American leaders had high hopes for the Progressive ments and a legacy of farmer-labor activism, even though African the West had vigorous urban reform move.

• Watching the rise of the Progressives and Socialists, seat southern black delegates or take a stand for racial Democrats were keen to build on dramatic gains they equality.
• In the 1910 election, Du Bois considered voting for Debs.
• He endorsed the governor of New Jersey who had compiled an impres Wilson.
• In a startling shift, the reform record across the North included passage of a direct sands of African American men and women.

• Theodore Roosevelt published the first piece below in 1897.

• He was the police commissioner of New York City.
• He delivered a famous speech in 1910, when he had retired from New Nationalist and was planning a bid for the 1912 Republican nomination.

• The capacity of the weak, shiftless, and comments below were part of an exchange with Populists.

• There are a lot of ugly things about wealth and not the State.
• The average man who is not well in all ages is both a fool and a wicked person.
• There are many rich people who lack off that some wrong or injustice has been done to them, and they should hope for a better life elsewhere.

• The first lesson to teach the poor man is to be a abolitionist.

• Part of our debt to him is that he predicted success.

• Labor is independent of capital.

• Capital is the fruit of labor, and could never be shackled as cunning.
• I insist that labor existed if it hadn't first existed.

• Let the man hear his side.

• This shouldn't lead to a war and always will.

• It seems to me that, in these words, Lincoln was able to do all he could by frowning firmly upon the preachers, and by showing vague discontent, and by adhering to the true doctrine of self-reliance.

• One of the main factors in progress is the destruction of man can sometimes be helped when he stumbles.

• A man who wrongly holds that every human right is wealth, position, or immunity, which has not been ondary to his profit, must now give way to the advocate earned by service to his or their fellows.
• That is what human welfare is all about.

• A man can't be a good citizen if he doesn't have a wage.

• Practical equality of opportunity for all citizens, hours of labor short enough so that after his day's work is when we achieve it, will have two great results.
• He will have time and energy to bear his share in the community and he will have a chance to make his own mark on it.
• To reach the highest point in his men's lives, unassisted by special privilege of his own and with which we surround them, is what we keep in him.
• We need comprehensive unhampered by the special privilege of others, can carry workmen's compensation acts, and can get for himself and his family substantially labor and work for women.

• The New Nationalism means that the commonwealth will get from every sectional or personal advantage.
• The citizen has the highest service of which he is capable.

• When I say that I am for the square deal, I mean attempting to treat national issues as local issues, and not merely that I stand for fair play under the present, which makes it possible for local selfish rules of the game, but that I stand for having those rules.

• The public welfare must be stewarded by our government, national and State.
• The judiciary needs to be freed from the control of special that it will be interested in human welfare interests.

• The welfare of the people is the object of government.

• The prosperity of a nation leads to desir control and corrupting of the men and methods of government that lead to the moral and material for their own profit.
• The welfare of all good citizens must be driven by special interests.

• It doesn't give.com/trspeeches.html.

• The true conservative is the one who insists that property should be the servant and not the master of the commonwealth.
• Roosevelt's views have changed between them.

• Roosevelt's political activity is still going on.

• The energy of the 19th century would benefit Americans across racial lines.

• The party was an important component of his base.
• Many of the voters who supported the New Deal also supported the Democrats' South.

• Despite the intense campaign, Republicans' support for Wilson didn't make a big difference for those people.
• Wilson received only economic reforms.

• Wilson appeared to be an old-fashioned choice compared to Roosevelt and Debs.

• Wilson faced intense pressure to act as labor protests crested and progressives gained support.

• The federal progressive income tax was the most enduring.

• Wilson acknowledged in his inaugural address that it was not a flat tax but rose pro industrialization that caused the crisis.
• "If men and passed in the 1890s but were rejected by the Supreme Court, women and children will not be protected," he said.

• The income tax of 1 to 7 percent on Americans with annual incomes of $4,000 or more was used by Congress to give Wilson the power to act.

• Democrats claimed that Roosevelt's antitrust proposals were not sufficiently aggressive and that he had taken a large campaign contribution from Standard Oil.
• The nation's momentum for reform was shown by the controversies.
• William McAdoo is Wilson's campaign manager.

• Less than 5 percent of households were affected by the tax.

• The Reserve Board was created by these measures.
• Replacing the Reserve with paper money could be the main source of revenue for the federal government.

• Between the 1930s and the 1970s, the income tax system was reduced to their members by district reserve banks.

• The financial system was reorganized to include the general public.
• What degree did the absence of a central bank affect the act strength?
• The main function of national central banks at the time was to encourage riskier banking and to discourage riskier banking if they couldn't meet Wall Street's expectations.

• Wilson relied on collapse.
• The celebrated people's Knickerbocker Trust Company failed in 1907 and caused a lawyer to be hired.
• There was no denying that monopolies were effi panic.

• Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution, prohibition of liquor, and women's suffrage were all created by the National Park Service.

• The trick was to prevent trusts from unfairly using the Commission.

• Labor issues received attention from a subject to the test of whether an action "substantially blue-ribbon U.S. Commission on Industrial Relations" was charged with regulatory laws.
• The commission summed up the impact of means in the hostile courts of 1913.
• Many earned should be understood by its limitations.

• $10 or less a week and faced regular episodes of and racial prejudice, as well as long-term poverty and limited working-class power at the polls; African hardship.
• segregation and violence were faced by the commissioners.
• A major cause of industrial violence was the federalist system blocking the passage of uniform national.
• The report called for federal welfare programs that became popular in Europe to include national health insurance in collective bargaining.
• The commission American agenda until the 1930s was too radical to win passage of such laws.

• In the 1930s, several rea fruition are suggested by an international perspective.

• Wilson warmed up to labor after the commission's revelations.
• He ally was successful and powerful in 1915 and 1916, with a host of bills to benefit American workers.

• The Seamen's Act, ernment regulation and welfare spending were included in countries with older voters.
• Wilson presided over grants despite initial modest goals.
• Younger voters seem to have a bigger expansion of federal authority than older voters.
• Old-age security and continued insurance.
• Wilson's American working class played a role in the growth of U.S. government offices.
• Ameri viewed immigrants and native-born white laborers as enemies or strangers rather than wanted federal authority to grow, as evidenced by the black term.

• The Socialist Party drew Americans who had supported him in 1912 because Wilson's reforms did not extend to the African.
• When the U.S. president rolled back certain Republican policies, less than 6 percent of the population voted.
• I tried a lot.
• W. E. B said there was no pressure from a strong self to help Wilson.
• Under Wilson, the worst attempt at Jim limited results in the United States was made.

• There are factors that explain the era.

• Millions of Americans decided based on village and kinship that their political system needed to adapt to new con in the industrial era.
• Political institutions are outdated.
• They were rural, working-class, or middle-class regardless of their specific goals.

• Cleveland's intransigence over the gold stan ated new wisdom.
• They drew blueprints for a modern American state that cost the Democrats in 1894 and 1896.
• The needs of an industrial era were suited by Republicans taking over the federal government.

• Roosevelt launched The Progressive Era after McKinley's assassination to balance reform and private enterprise.

• The federal and state governments used elite expertise to impose progressive reform.
• Black reformers battled racial discrimination and economic reforms at the grass ments.
• Republican leaders women reformers worked on issues ranging from pub to women's working conditions, but failed to protect black activists from the problems that fueled per voting rights.
• The election of 1912 split the Republicans and called for stronger government intervention in the economy, which led to a Democratic program of economic and Republican resistance.

• The reforms of the 1890s laid the groundwork for a reaction despite the limits of the Progressive Era.
• The nation was thrown into crisis by labor unrest.

• Explain the significance of each term.

• You can demonstrate your understanding of the chapter's main ideas by answering these questions.

• Answer these questions to recognize the larger developments within and across the chapters.

• The strategies and goals of Chapter 17 are reviewed in the cartoons on pages 642, 651, and 660.
• There were labor and agrarian organizations that flourished in the woman's dressing room.
• Many men were embodied by the People's Party.
• What do the cartoons tell us about the ideas?
• Imagine that the ideals of femininity and masculinity were being viewed by a former People's Party leader.

• The events discussed in this chapter can be found here.

• An excellent account of post-Reconstruction politics, of William Jennings Bryan, is a good starting point for emphasizing issues of race and Republicans' dilemma of the era's Democrats and their charismatic leader.

• You should ask yourself why this chapter begins and ends with these dates.

• Key actions taken by Congress and the Progressive Era presidents can be identified in the timelines above.

• Wilson said so.

• Americans were facing another world war.

• Wilson's proposals failed at the end of World War I, but Roosevelt's measures to combat the depression helped millions of Americans survive unemployment and hardship.
• FDR had limited success in ending the war until World War II.
• The United States emerged from the war with unprecedented global power and a mandate to sustain a welfare state.
• These changes are addressed in Part 7.

• After the 1890s, the United States became a major international power and had a powerful domestic impact.
• The Great Migration brought African to the world by the 1940s, renewing debates about Americans and Mexicans.

• To take up wartime jobs after defeating border.
• By the 1920s, the United States claimed control over the Carib cars, as well as the emergence of consumer culture as radio, overseas colonies and Hollywood movies, as a result of the War of 1898.
• President Wilson tried.
• While many Americans embraced consumer maintain neutrality at the start of World War I, trade culture, others expressed deep fear and antagonism ties and old alliances drew America into the conflict toward a new modern sensibility.
• Wilson wanted to change the sexual freedoms.
• During World War I, the federal government rejected the Treaty of Versailles because ofpressive impulses.
• The United States's position on the world stage country took a sharp right turn after war introduced new laws to police dissent.
• A Red Scare was uncertain.

• The 1920s were a time of dollar diplomacy.

• The rise of fascist African Americans, as well as the rise of Klan, led to the targeting of Catholics and Jews in the 1930s.
• The teaching of evolution in the schools angered tration and led to many cultural conflicts.
• In the late 1930s, religious fundamentalists began to send aid to Great Britain, which debated the prohibition of liquor.

• During World War II, the United States emerged as a policy.
• The dominant global power was represented by these.
• The events are about what a diverse, modern nation would look like.

• In Chapters 21, 22, and 24 we look at these conflicts.

• The 1920s were believed to be hands-off government.
• The Great Depression may have been triggered by their policies.
• Consider the impact after it arrived.

• Chapter 23 is an exploration of the New Deal.

• Wartime measures went even further, as the govern ment mobilized the entire economy and tens of millions of citizens to fight the Axis powers.
• Congress gave the president broad powers to fight the war abroad and reorganize the economy at home.
• Business boomed and productivity grew, but other policies, such as the internment of Japanese immigrants and Japanese Americans, violated civil liberties, leaving a mixed legacy.
• Chapter 24 covers America's roles in World War II.