Noel Meier - Ch. 11 Lesson 1 Science Notes: Fill in the Blank
Noel Meier - Ch. 11 Lesson 1 Science Notes: Fill in the Blank
Chapter 11: Exploring Space
Lesson 1- The Solar System (p. D56)
* The Sun and the bodies that revolve around it make up the solar system. The solar system is a small part of a much larger system call the Milky Way galaxy.
- _The Sun and its Neighbors_
- The Solar System
- Solar system- __the sun and all the bodies that travel, or revolve, around it.__
- Our solar system includes the Sun, the 8 planets, their moons, asteroids, comets, and meteors.
- Scientists believe that the solar system is about
__4.6__ billion years old.
- The Sun
- The _largest and most massive part of the solar system__
- The Sun’s __gravity__ holds the planets and the moons in their place
- The planets do not make their light, but shine by __reflecting_ the Sun’s light.
- Planets
- Planets- __large bodies that revolve around the sun__
- The eight planets from the sun are:
- __Mercury__
- __Venus __
- __Earth_
- __Mars__
- __Jupiter__
- __Saturn__
- __Uranus__
- __Neptune__
(Pluto used to be considered the 9th planet.)
- The paths, or __orbits__ of all of the bodies that travel around the sun are shaped like slightly flattened circles called __ellipses__
- Many planets have one or more __moons__.
- All but __two__ of the planets have moons.
- Planets __closest__ to the Sun formed from heavy, rocky material.
- __Farther__ from the Sun, planets are able to hold onto lighter __gases__ and form much larger planets.
- __Moons__
- Earth’s Moon
- Earth has __one__ moon
- Gravity
- All __moons__ are held in their orbits by the gravitational attraction to their __planets__.
- Other Moons
- There are about 140 other moons in the solar system.
- Mercury and Venus have __0__ moons.
- Mars has __2__ moons.
- Jupiter has __79__ moons.
- Saturn has __82__ moons.
- Uranus has __27__ moons.
- Neptune has __14__ moons.
- __Asteroid__
- Asteroid
- An __asteroid___ is a relatively small, rocky object that orbits the sun.
- Scientists estimate that millions of chunks of __rocks__ and __debri_ exist in the solar system.
- Location
- Most of them orbit in a band called the __asteroid belt__, located between the orbits of __mars__ and __jupiter__
- Size
- Asteroids can range from __1__ mile long to __hundreds __ of miles long.
- ___Comets_
- Comet
- A __comet__ is a small, orbiting body made of dust, ice, and frozen gases.
- The solid, frozen center is called the __nucleus__
- It’s glowing tail is called the ___coma_.
- Comets orbit around the __sun__ in a long, __elliptical__ path.
- A comet’s tail always points __away__ from the sun, regardless of the direction it is moving.
- Coma
- When a comet approaches the sun, frozen solid pieces in its nucleus vaporize.
- A __coma__ is when gases and dust are released from a comet, producing the glowing region.
- This is what we see when we look into the sky and see a __shoting __ star. It is a comet’s tail.
- Short-period comets
- The orbit of some comets extend to just beyond the planet of ___neptune_
- These comets make one complete trip around the Sun in fewer than __200_ years.
- Ex= Halley's Comet which takes __7__ years to orbit the sun. (next time you can see it from Earth is 2061!)
- Long-period comets
- These comets can take up to __30__ million years to orbit the sun.
- Scientists believe that most of these comets are found beyond __pluto__.
- Ex= Hale-Bopp takes 2,500 years to orbit the sun. It was last seen in 1995.
Q. What causes the “tail” of a comet to form?
- _When a comet approaches the sun, frozen solid pieces in its nucleus vaporize___
- __Meteors Meteorites__
- Shooting stars
- A bright light that shoots across the sky is not a moving star, it is a meteor.
- A meteor is a chunk of matter that enters Earth’s atmosphere and is heated by friction with the air, causing a streak of light.
- Meteor Showers
- Meteor showers occur when Earth passes through clouds of dust and particles that were left from a passing comet.
- Meteorites
- If the meteors stay intact during their trip through Earth’s atmosphere and they strike the ___ground_, they are called __meteorites__
- Impact Craters
- When large meteorites hit earth’s surface and make a dent in the ground, they form impact craters.
- __impact craters __ are large, bowl shaped depressions in the ground.
- Ex= The Barringer Crater in __20,000-50,000 years ago__ formed 20,000-50,000 years ago.
Noel Meier - Ch. 11 Lesson 1 Science Notes: Fill in the Blank
Chapter 11: Exploring Space
Lesson 1- The Solar System (p. D56)
* The Sun and the bodies that revolve around it make up the solar system. The solar system is a small part of a much larger system call the Milky Way galaxy.
- _The Sun and its Neighbors_
- The Solar System
- Solar system- __the sun and all the bodies that travel, or revolve, around it.__
- Our solar system includes the Sun, the 8 planets, their moons, asteroids, comets, and meteors.
- Scientists believe that the solar system is about
__4.6__ billion years old.
- The Sun
- The _largest and most massive part of the solar system__
- The Sun’s __gravity__ holds the planets and the moons in their place
- The planets do not make their light, but shine by __reflecting_ the Sun’s light.
- Planets
- Planets- __large bodies that revolve around the sun__
- The eight planets from the sun are:
- __Mercury__
- __Venus __
- __Earth_
- __Mars__
- __Jupiter__
- __Saturn__
- __Uranus__
- __Neptune__
(Pluto used to be considered the 9th planet.)
- The paths, or __orbits__ of all of the bodies that travel around the sun are shaped like slightly flattened circles called __ellipses__
- Many planets have one or more __moons__.
- All but __two__ of the planets have moons.
- Planets __closest__ to the Sun formed from heavy, rocky material.
- __Farther__ from the Sun, planets are able to hold onto lighter __gases__ and form much larger planets.
- __Moons__
- Earth’s Moon
- Earth has __one__ moon
- Gravity
- All __moons__ are held in their orbits by the gravitational attraction to their __planets__.
- Other Moons
- There are about 140 other moons in the solar system.
- Mercury and Venus have __0__ moons.
- Mars has __2__ moons.
- Jupiter has __79__ moons.
- Saturn has __82__ moons.
- Uranus has __27__ moons.
- Neptune has __14__ moons.
- __Asteroid__
- Asteroid
- An __asteroid___ is a relatively small, rocky object that orbits the sun.
- Scientists estimate that millions of chunks of __rocks__ and __debri_ exist in the solar system.
- Location
- Most of them orbit in a band called the __asteroid belt__, located between the orbits of __mars__ and __jupiter__
- Size
- Asteroids can range from __1__ mile long to __hundreds __ of miles long.
- ___Comets_
- Comet
- A __comet__ is a small, orbiting body made of dust, ice, and frozen gases.
- The solid, frozen center is called the __nucleus__
- It’s glowing tail is called the ___coma_.
- Comets orbit around the __sun__ in a long, __elliptical__ path.
- A comet’s tail always points __away__ from the sun, regardless of the direction it is moving.
- Coma
- When a comet approaches the sun, frozen solid pieces in its nucleus vaporize.
- A __coma__ is when gases and dust are released from a comet, producing the glowing region.
- This is what we see when we look into the sky and see a __shoting __ star. It is a comet’s tail.
- Short-period comets
- The orbit of some comets extend to just beyond the planet of ___neptune_
- These comets make one complete trip around the Sun in fewer than __200_ years.
- Ex= Halley's Comet which takes __7__ years to orbit the sun. (next time you can see it from Earth is 2061!)
- Long-period comets
- These comets can take up to __30__ million years to orbit the sun.
- Scientists believe that most of these comets are found beyond __pluto__.
- Ex= Hale-Bopp takes 2,500 years to orbit the sun. It was last seen in 1995.
Q. What causes the “tail” of a comet to form?
- _When a comet approaches the sun, frozen solid pieces in its nucleus vaporize___
- __Meteors Meteorites__
- Shooting stars
- A bright light that shoots across the sky is not a moving star, it is a meteor.
- A meteor is a chunk of matter that enters Earth’s atmosphere and is heated by friction with the air, causing a streak of light.
- Meteor Showers
- Meteor showers occur when Earth passes through clouds of dust and particles that were left from a passing comet.
- Meteorites
- If the meteors stay intact during their trip through Earth’s atmosphere and they strike the ___ground_, they are called __meteorites__
- Impact Craters
- When large meteorites hit earth’s surface and make a dent in the ground, they form impact craters.
- __impact craters __ are large, bowl shaped depressions in the ground.
- Ex= The Barringer Crater in __20,000-50,000 years ago__ formed 20,000-50,000 years ago.