"# Work, Energy, and Power Notes

## Overview
* Energy Definition: Cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
* Work, Energy, Power: Key concepts in physics explaining how force causes change.

## Energy
* Forms of Energy: Gravitational, kinetic, potential, nuclear, thermal, etc.
* Conservation of Energy: Total energy in a closed system remains constant.

### Work
* Definition: Work (W) is done when a force (F) moves an object over a distance (d).
* Formula: W = Fd cos θ (θ is the angle between the force and direction of motion).
* Units: Measured in joules (J) – 1 Joule = 1 Newton-meter.

### Examples of Work
1. Positive Work: Increases speed (e.g., lifting a book).
2. Negative Work: Decreases speed (e.g., friction).
3. Zero Work: Force applied perpendicular to motion.

## Kinetic and Potential Energy
* Kinetic Energy (K): Energy of motion; K = 1/2 mv².
* Potential Energy (U): Stored energy based on position; U = mgh (gravitational potential energy).

### Work-Energy Theorem
* Statement: Work done on an object is equal to its change in kinetic energy (ΔK).
* Equation: W_total = K_final - K_initial.

## Conservation of Mechanical Energy
* Principle: In absence of nonconservative forces, total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) is conserved.
* Equation: E_initial = E_final.

## Power
* Definition: Rate of doing work; Power (P) = Work (W) / Time (t).
* Units: Watts (W), where 1 W = 1 J/s.

## Important Facts
* Energy conversions (e.g., potential to kinetic) are fundamental in mechanics.
* Work is involved in both conservative and nonconservative scenarios, changing energy forms without loss in closed systems."}